Development of open and flexible attitudes , pre-departure and language training, together with settlement support can greatly assist in minimising the severity of the crisis stage of culture shock,. sSuccessful adaptation depends on cultivation of openness to new ideas and new ways of doing things. Intellectually, it requires an understanding of attitude and values which characterise the new culture,. bBehaviourally, it involves modifying one’s own behaviour and understanding the behaviour of others, and emotionally, it involves being able to tolerate the uncertainty that living in a new culture will always involve.